[logger] Resolve thread name once and pass through logging chain (#13836)

esphome/components/logger/task_log_buffer_host.cpp

@@ -70,8 +70,8 @@ void TaskLogBufferHost::commit_write_slot_(int slot_index) {
   }
 }
 
-bool TaskLogBufferHost::send_message_thread_safe(uint8_t level, const char *tag, uint16_t line, const char *format,
-                                                 va_list args) {
+bool TaskLogBufferHost::send_message_thread_safe(uint8_t level, const char *tag, uint16_t line, const char *thread_name,
+                                                 const char *format, va_list args) {
   // Acquire a slot
   int slot_index = this->acquire_write_slot_();
   if (slot_index < 0) {
@@ -85,11 +85,9 @@ bool TaskLogBufferHost::send_message_thread_safe(uint8_t level, const char *tag,
   msg.tag = tag;
   msg.line = line;
 
-  // Get thread name using pthread
-  char thread_name_buf[LogMessage::MAX_THREAD_NAME_SIZE];
-  // pthread_getname_np works the same on Linux and macOS
-  if (pthread_getname_np(pthread_self(), thread_name_buf, sizeof(thread_name_buf)) == 0) {
-    strncpy(msg.thread_name, thread_name_buf, sizeof(msg.thread_name) - 1);
+  // Store the thread name now to avoid crashes if thread exits before processing
+  if (thread_name != nullptr) {
+    strncpy(msg.thread_name, thread_name, sizeof(msg.thread_name) - 1);
     msg.thread_name[sizeof(msg.thread_name) - 1] = '\0';
   } else {
     msg.thread_name[0] = '\0';