Add support for time entities (#6399)

* Add time entities

* Add tests

* Add myself to datetime codeowners

* Fix publishing times with 0 values

* Log performing TimeCall

* Implement `on_time` trigger

* Rename var

* Fix initial value for time

* Add arg name for clarity

* Remove useless checks

esphome/core/component_iterator.cpp

@@ -217,6 +217,21 @@ void ComponentIterator::advance() {
       }
       break;
 #endif
+#ifdef USE_DATETIME_TIME
+    case IteratorState::DATETIME_TIME:
+      if (this->at_ >= App.get_times().size()) {
+        advance_platform = true;
+      } else {
+        auto *time = App.get_times()[this->at_];
+        if (time->is_internal() && !this->include_internal_) {
+          success = true;
+          break;
+        } else {
+          success = this->on_time(time);
+        }
+      }
+      break;
+#endif
 #ifdef USE_TEXT
     case IteratorState::TEXT:
       if (this->at_ >= App.get_texts().size()) {