Initial Support for RP2040 platform (#3284)

Co-authored-by: Paulus Schoutsen <balloob@gmail.com>

script/ci-custom.py

@@ -534,6 +534,7 @@ def lint_relative_py_import(fname):
         "esphome/components/socket/headers.h",
         "esphome/components/esp32/core.cpp",
         "esphome/components/esp8266/core.cpp",
+        "esphome/components/rp2040/core.cpp",
     ],
 )
 def lint_namespace(fname, content):